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Fred Meets Elizabeth - love in 19th Century Australia



We rode out to Parramatta, to the Female Orphan School. I tried to hide my eagerness as we dismounted at the entrance but in truth, I was excited. Mrs Susanna Matilda Ward, the matron, was both renowned and renounced among the ladies of Sydney Town and I was keen to meet her.
A demure girl, who may have been one of her charges, ushered us into the parlour and into the presence of a delightful tableau of feminine beauty. Mrs Ward herself was the centrepiece of this enchanting vision. She was very handsome, of course, especially for a matron of her advancing years and she greeted us with an air of genteel delight that made us feel immediately welcome. She smilingly addressed father with exaggerated respect and, had it not been for her laughing eyes, I might have thought her obsequious. She then expressed such admiration for my humble, 16- year- old person that my ears burned.   
My eyes, meanwhile, were drawn to the quartet of young ladies draped prettily around her. My sister, who had accompanied our father on a previous visit, did not do Mrs Ward’s daughters justice when she had described them as “comely but a little forward”. They were angels! From the rosie-cheeked child who took father’s hand and led him to a chair, to the graceful Elizabeth, who poured the tea, I was smitten by them all.

And so we might imagine, for indeed we were not there, the first meeting of Fred Garling Jnr and Elizabeth Ward.
The year must have been around 1822, for Susanna had obtained the position of matron in late 1820[i] and was, in her own words, “superseded” in 1823[ii]. Frederick Garling Snr was a governor of the institution during that time. The two young people had much in common having each arrived in the colony at the tender age of nine.
Fred arrived aboard the Francis and Eliza in 1815, after a voyage of more than 12 months. His mother’s diary describes a year of numbing dullness, waiting for convicts or cargo or the weather, punctuated by times of high “excitement”. An attack by American privateers must been a highlight in Fred’s boyish mind.[iii]  He showed no inclination, as he grew, to follow his community-spirited father into the Law. Fred’s passion was his art and he liked adventure.
Elizabeth came on the Dromedary in 1820. It had been a more comfortable voyage, if being on a ship for four months with 370 male convicts and 57 soldiers can be “comfortable” for five little girls and their mother. She had since endured the untimely deaths of her father[1][iv] and baby sister and had had to accustom herself to life in a small settlement where more than two thirds of the population were convicts or ex-convicts.
The Female Orphan School might have been unsettling. Most of the students were not orphans but the children of convicts whose parents were unable to raise them. Indeed, colonial authorities thought it better that their parents did not raise them[v]. Elizabeth, however, was born in Portugal, where her father was engaged in the wars against Napoleon. She had never known an ordinary life.     
The marriage of Fred Jnr and Elizabeth[vi] probably suited both families. The Garlings brought a measure of respectability and security that Susanna, forced to fend for herself and her family alone, may have craved. Susanna, on the other hand, had become a wealthy landholder[vii] with aristocratic links, which probably appealed to the Garlings. Marry they did, however, and their brood of eleven little Australians, assured a successful future in their adopted country.    










[i] Sydney Gazette and NSW Wales Advertiser, December 1820, article seeking applications for the position. Trove; Ward, Susanna Matron, 1821, Jan 3, Re appointment and salary of Mrs Ward as Matron of the Female Orphan Institution, Parramatta. Colonial Secretary’s papers. Reel 6017; 4/5783 p 25 State Records of NSW.
[ii] Ward, Susannah Matilda, letter to Governor Thomas Brisbane dated September 11, 1824.
[iii] Elizabeth Garling’s Diary of the Voyage to New south Wales; original held in the Mitchell Library was transcribed and republished by descendants of Frederick Garling Snr and Elizabeth in August 2015 for the Bicentennial Reunion of Descendants of Frederick and Elizabeth Garling.  
[iv] The death of a William W Ward in September 1820, in Sydney, NSW Australia, is listed in the NSW Colonial Secretary’s papers, 1788 – 1856, State Records of NSW. Viewed September, 2017. I have not found a death notice for baby Eleanor Maria Villiers but she is not listed with her mother and sisters in the 1822 Census of New South Wales.
[v] Bubacz, B., The Female and Male Orphan Schools in New South Wales, 1801- 1850 – PHD Thesis, University of Sydney, 2007; http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2474
[vi] Marriage notice. Sydney Gazette and NSW Advertiser, Tuesday 13 October, 1829 p.3. National Library of Australia, Trove.
[vii] Ward, SM Matron, 1820, Nov 7, Re approval for lands and indulgences to be extended in trust. Colonial Secretary’s Papers, Reel 6007; 4/3502. P44-7. State Records of New South Wales.

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